Guidelines for Obtaining Informed Consent for Clinical Research
November 2nd 2003Informed consent is a process, not just a form signed by prospective study subjects. Documents such as the Code of Federal Regulations describe the elements of informed consent, but lack substantive direction on the process of obtaining consent.1-2 The purpose of this article is to provide guidelines for obtaining informed consent. This guide can be useful to anyone involved in clinical research, particularly newcomers to the industry.
A Clinical Development Solution Tailored for Biopharmaceutical Companies
November 1st 2003The rapid evolution of the biopharmaceutical industry has lead more and more companies to focus on the clinical development of their drug candidates, thus presenting the challenge of selecting the optimal strategy for conducting their clinical programs. Typically, biopharmaceutical companies have had three options: out-licensing their product, setting up their own clinical development operations, or outsourcing the clinical development to contract research organizations (CROs).
Recruitment Rates and Data Quality -- Are They Linked?
November 1st 2003Clinical trials sponsors seek quick subject enrollment and high data quality, expressed by both strict adherence to good clinical practice (GCP) requirements and completeness and correctness of the data collected from investigative sites. However, the most informative sources of detailed information on data quality such as site monitoring visit reports, sponsor, and CRO audit reports are maintained as strictly confidential documents and are not publicly disseminated. Therefore, a substantial proportion of the information on data quality in clinical research that is available to the general public is based on anecdotal reports rather than well-referenced and organized observations. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration found no evidence of poor GCP compliance during inspections in the emerging clinical research countries, including Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union.1-2
Merging Collaboration and Technology: The Virtual Research Organization
October 1st 2003The economic consequences of inefficient work processes in clinical trials are significant. The average daily cost of drug development runs about $30,000 per day and rises by 10% to 12% per year. Development cycle times range from three to 12 years.1 In typical operational practice, the line management of a competitive firm strives to achieve the highest volume of successful new drug application (NDA) submissions (effectiveness) in the shortest practical time (efficiency). This combination reflects the business throughput of an organization.
Investigators and Sites: Answers to Questions about Good Clinical Practice
October 1st 2003Earlier this year, Applied Clinical Trials published "Clinical Monitoring: Answers to Questions about Good Clinical Practice," another excerpt from the book, Good Clinical Practice: A Question & Answer Reference Guide. Readers are referred to the July 2003 issue (pages 27-29) to read the full text of the reference guide introduction.
Forced Randomization: When Using Interactive Voice Response Systems
October 1st 2003Interactive voice response systems are commonly used in clinical trials to manage the flow of trial medication supplies to sites and to manage the allocation of these supplies to individual subjects. Other advantages and uses include access to real-time information for trial managers, collection of diary card data directly from subjects, and as an aid to subject recruitment.1
Biomarkers and Surrogate Endpoints in Clinical Drug Development
July 1st 2003Both large and small pharmaceutical companies have learned that the value of their development candidates increases once clinical research has demonstrated their proof of concept. Sponsor companies face the challenge of moving new blockbuster drugs to market as rapidly as possible.